A Case Study on Kommativani Cheruvu, Madanapalle, Annamaya District

Kommativani Cheruvu, located in Madanapalle, is an important traditional water body that supports irrigation, groundwater recharge, and ecological balance. In recent years, the cheruvu has been subjected to environmental stress due to rapid urbanization, agricultural runoff, and discharge of untreated domestic wastewater. This study aims to assess both the water and soil quality of Kommativani Cheruvu through comprehensive physicochemical and environmental analysis. Water samples were collected from multiple locations and analysed for parameters such as pH, Turbidity, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). Simultaneously, soil samples from the cheruvu bed and surrounding areas were examined for properties including pH, moisture content, organic matter, and possible contamination by heavy metals. All analyses were carried out following standard procedures recommended by CSIR-NEERI. The results indicate deterioration in water quality, with elevated BOD and COD levels and reduced dissolved oxygen, suggesting significant organic pollution and the onset of eutrophication. Soil analysis revealed variations in pH and increased organic content, indicating accumulation of pollutants and nutrient enrichment in the sediment. The major sources of contamination include domestic sewage inflow, agricultural inputs such as fertilizers and pesticides, and improper disposal of solid waste. The study highlights the urgent need for integrated restoration strategies, including desilting of contaminated sediments, diversion and treatment of wastewater, and implementation of phytoremediation techniques for both soil and water. Regular monitoring and active community participation are essential for sustainable management. The findings provide valuable insights for environmental authorities and policymakers in designing effective conservation and pollution control measures for Kommativani Cheruvu and similar water bodies.